Natural-based drugs are believed to be safe, effective and economical. Based on the medicinal importance of the genus Eryngium and unexplored nature of <i>Eryngium caeruleum</i>, we have evaluated its antidiabetic and antioxidant potentials. Both <i>in-vitro</i> and <i>in-vivo</i> assays have been carried out for antidiabetic assays. The antioxidant activity was determined by using different free radicals [i.e., 1,1-diphenyl,2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis[3-ethylbenzthiazoline]-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), and hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>)]. Moreover, different phytoconstituents were identified in the most active solvent fraction by GC-MS analysis. Furthermore, comparative fingerprints of methanolic extract and chloroform fraction were also analyzed via High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with Diode Array Detector (HPLC-DAD). The crude methanolic extract of <i>E. caeruleum</i> (Ec.Cr) and its sub-fractions [i.e., <i>n</i>-hexane (Ec.Hex), chloroform (Ec.Chf), ethyl acetate (Ec.EtAc), and aqueous (Ec.Aq) were employed in this study]. In the α-glucosidase inhibition assay, a concentration-dependent inhibitory response was observed against the enzyme. The most active sample was Ec.Chf which revealed an IC<sub>50</sub> of 437 μg/ml in comparison to the standard acarbose (IC<sub>50</sub> 25 μg/ml). The rest of the samples showed moderate inhibition of α-glucosidase. In antioxidant assays, Ec.Chf and Ec.Cr exhibited a considerable scavenging effect against all the free radicals. The IC<sub>50</sub> values recorded for Ec.Chf were 112, 109, and 150 μg/ml against DPPH, ABTS, and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> respectively. Based on the <i>in-vitro</i> potential of Ec.Chf, this was subjected to the <i>in-vivo</i> model experiment. The Ec.Chf lowered the blood glucose level up to 10.3 mmol/L at 500 μg/Kg. The Ec.Chf was also subjected to GC-MS analysis. The GC-MS analysis confirmed the presence of 60 compounds. The identified phytoconstituents consist of some essential compounds previously reporte...