Characteristics and long-term outcomes of aortico-left ventricular tunnel

Aortico-left ventricular tunnel (ALVT) is an extremely rare, abnormal paravalvular communication between the aorta and the left ventricle. Few studies have identified the characteristics and long-term prognosis associated with ALVT.The data of 31 patients with ALVT from July 2002 to December 2019 were reviewed. Echocardiography was performed in all patients during the follow-up period.The median age of the patients was 11.5 years. Bicuspid...