Combinatorics

Physics

Electron

Brillouin zone

Chiral anomaly

Topology (electrical circuits)

Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope

Fermi surface

Mathematics

Condensed matter physics

Fermi level

Spin (aerodynamics)

Fermion

Superconductivity

Quantum mechanics

Quantum oscillations

Thermodynamics

Nature Communications

Non-symmorphic chiral topological crystals host exotic multifold fermions, and their associated Fermi arcs helically wrap around and expand throughout the Brillouin zone between the high-symmetry center and surface-corner momenta. However, Fermi-arc splitting and realization of the theoretically proposed maximal Chern number rely heavily on the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) strength. In the present work, we investigate the topological states of a new chiral crystal, PtGa, which has the strongest SOC among all chiral crystals reported to date. With a comprehensive investigation using high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, quantum-oscillation measurements, and state-of-the-art ab initio calculations, we report a giant SOC-induced splitting of both Fermi arcs and bulk states. Consequently, this study experimentally confirms the realization of a maximal Chern number equal to |4| for the first time in multifold fermionic systems, thereby providing a platform to observe large-quantized photogalvanic currents in optical experiments.

Observation of giant spin-split Fermi-arc with maximal Chern number in the chiral topological semimetal PtGa