The potential of human milk oligosaccharides to impact the microbiota-gut-brain axis through modulation of the gut microbiota

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are the first prebiotics humans meet in life. HMOs provide many benefits to infants including impact on gut bacteria, promotion of postnatal brain development, and modulation of the immune system. A complex bidirectional communication pathway called the microbiota-gut-brain axis links gut homeostasis and microbial composition with the central nervous system (CNS). Several mechanisms regulated by the gut...