Prokaryotes have developed numerous defense strategies to combat the constant threat posed by the diverse genetic parasites that endanger them. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic rep...
#1Cheng Duan(SCAU: South China Agricultural University)
#2Huiluo Cao(Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong)
Last. Xu Z(SCAU: South China Agricultural University)
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The emergence of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria has become one of the most serious threats to global health, necessitating the development of novel antimicrobial strategies. CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)-Cas (CRISPR-associated) system, known as a bacterial adaptive immune system, can be repurposed to selectively target and destruct bacterial genomes instead of invasive genetic elements. Thus, the CRISPR-Cas system offers an attractive option for the d...
Last. Stan J. J. Brouns(TU Delft: Delft University of Technology)H-Index: 40
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The immunization of bacteria and archaea against invading viruses via CRISPR adaptation is critically reliant on the efficient capture, accurate processing, and integration of CRISPR spacers into t...
Despite remarkable strides in microbiome research, the viral component of the microbiome has generally presented a more challenging target than the bacteriome. This gap persists, even though many thousands of shotgun sequencing runs from human metagenomic samples exist in public databases, and all of them encompass large amounts of viral sequence data. The lack of a comprehensive database for human-associated viruses has historically stymied efforts to interrogate the impact of the virome on hum...
#1Olga Musharova(Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology)H-Index: 7
#2Sofia Medvedeva(Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology)H-Index: 8
Last. Ekaterina Savitskaya(Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology)H-Index: 17
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For Type I CRISPR-Cas systems, a mode of CRISPR adaptation named priming has been described. Priming allows specific and highly efficient acquisition of new spacers from DNA recognized (primed) by the Cascade-crRNA (CRISPR RNA) effector complex. Recognition of the priming protospacer by Cascade-crRNA serves as a signal for engaging the Cas3 nuclease-helicase required for both interference and primed adaptation, suggesting the existence of a primed adaptation complex (PAC) containing the Cas1-Cas...
Last. Mehmet Ozsoz(NEU: Near East University)H-Index: 53
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Over the past decades, significant progress has been made in targeted cancer therapy. In precision oncology, molecular profiling of cancer patients enables the use of targeted cancer therapeutics. However, current diagnostic methods for molecular analysis of cancer are costly and require sophisticated equipment. Moreover, targeted cancer therapeutics such as monoclonal antibodies and small-molecule drugs may cause off-target effects and they are available for only a minority of cancer driver pro...
Genome-editing (GE) is having a tremendous influence around the globe in the life science community. Among its versatile uses, the desired modifications of genes, and more importantly the transgene (DNA)-free approach to develop genetically modified organism (GMO), are of special interest. The recent and rapid developments in genome-editing technology have given rise to hopes to achieve global food security in a sustainable manner. We here discuss recent developments in CRISPR-based genome-editi...
Last. Xinle Liang(ZJSU: Zhejiang Gongshang University)H-Index: 7
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Acetic acid bacteria (AAB) are a group of Gram-negative and strictly aerobic microorganisms widely used in vinegar industry, especially the species belonging to the genera Acetobacter and Komagataeibacter. The environments inhabited by AAB during the vinegar fermentation, in particular those natural traditional bioprocesses, are complex and dynamically changed, usually accompanied by diverse microorganisms, bacteriophages, and the increasing acetic acid concentration. For this reason, how AAB su...
#1Vida Ebrahimi(Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services)H-Index: 3
#2Atieh Hashemi(Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services)H-Index: 6
Sickle cell diseases are the most prevalent monogenic blood diseases with complications such as severe end-organ harm, pain, and reduced life expectancy. Dealing options for sickle cell diseases are inadequate, as there are just two FDA-approved drugs to decrease acute manifestation. The only sickle cell diseases curative procedure is bone marrow transplantation, frequently from a harmonized, related donor. Ex vivo manipulation of autologous hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and subsequent...
#2Jyoti Vakhlu(JU: University of Jammu)H-Index: 10
It’s an evolution of its own kind that a technology changed the interface of biology in such a short expanse of time. Merely a decade ago, scientists reported that the CRISPR-Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short Palindromic repeats-CRISPR associated) system is the part of bacteria and archea’s adaptive immune system which helps in withstanding the attack against invading viruses by acquiring genetic records of invaders to facilitate robust interference upon reinfection. In this Review, we ...
#1Artem Isaev(Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology)H-Index: 2
#2Olga Musharova(Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology)H-Index: 7
Last. Konstantin Severinov(Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology)H-Index: 73
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Bacteriophages or phages are viruses that infect bacterial cells (for the scope of this review we will also consider viruses that infect Archaea). Constant threat of phage infection is a major force that shapes evolution of the microbial genomes. To withstand infection, bacteria had evolved numerous strategies to avoid recognition by phages or to directly interfere with phage propagation inside the cell. Classical molecular biology and genetic engineering have been deeply intertwined with the st...