Starch

Engineering

Glutaraldehyde

Polymer chemistry

Bacteria

Biology

Materials science

Ultimate tensile strength

Essential oil

Wound dressing

Antibacterial activity

Biochemistry

Polyvinyl alcohol

Chemical engineering

Food science

Genetics

Nanotechnology

Organic chemistry

Membrane

Self-healing hydrogels

Characterization (materials science)

Tea tree oil

Composite material

Chemistry

Polymer science

Journal of Polymers and the Environment

Wound care has come through various trials and errors with primitive cultures applying old age techniques and knowledge. Recent research has shown that the moist environment promotes wound healing than the dry. In the present research, hydrogel membranes were fabricated by esterification of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with starch and glutaraldehyde as a cross-linker. The essential oils (clove oil, Oregano oil and tea tree oil) have been incorporated in PVA/Starch based hydrogel membranes. The aim was to achieve optimized anti-bacterial activity and mechanical strength. The anti-bacterial testing was performed using the disc diffusion method. The maximum antibacterial activity for fabricated hydrogels was attained by addition of 0.1 mL clove oil in PVA/Starch hydrogel was 39 ± 0.57 mm and 37 ± 0.29 mm for MRSA and E. coli, respectively. The FTIR results presented the occurrence of –OH group in hydrogel membrane. The SEM results showed around dense nature of membranes with having an antibacterial agent in it or not. Mechanical examination of hydrogel membranes presented suitable tensile strength of 19.36 MPa for 0.1 mL Clove oil. Furthermore, water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) and moisture retention capability (MRC) for 0.1 mL clove oil was 36.22 g/m2h and 95.50%, respectively. The experimental conclusion nominated that fabricated hydrogel articulates good antibacterial, mechanical and physical properties that it could be used in wound dressing applications. The best results were obtained for clove oil using 0.1 mL as an antibacterial agent.

Synthesis and Characterization of PVA/Starch Hydrogel Membranes Incorporating Essential Oils Aimed to be Used in Wound Dressing Applications