Investigating the damage evolution of sandstone using electrical impedance spectroscopy

The accumulation of damage significantly affects the strength of rocks over long time scales, so it is essential to study the evolution of rock damage. In this study, resistivity, a non-destructive test parameter based on electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), was applied to study damage evolution in sandstone. Under cyclic loading conditions, EIS were simultaneously tested on twelve sandstone specimens, and specimens with different degrees of...