Gene

Context (archaeology)

Engineering

Philosophy

Cyber-physical system

Biology

Industry 4.0

Embedded system

Systems engineering

Operating system

Biochemistry

Computer science

Visual arts

Manufacturing engineering

Systems architecture

Architecture

Paleontology

Paradigm shift

Industrial Internet

Internet of Things

Wearable computer

Epistemology

Transcription factor

Repressor

Software engineering

Chemistry

Operator (biology)

Human–computer interaction

Sensors

Recent advances in technology have empowered the widespread application of cyber–physical systems in manufacturing and fostered the Industry 4.0 paradigm. In the factories of the future, it is possible that all items, including operators, will be equipped with integrated communication and data processing capabilities. Operators can become part of the smart manufacturing systems, and this fosters a paradigm shift from independent automated and human activities to human–cyber–physical systems (HCPSs). In this context, a Healthy Operator 4.0 (HO4.0) concept was proposed, based on a systemic view of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and wearable technology. For the implementation of this relatively new concept, we constructed a unified architecture to support the integration of different enabling technologies. We designed an implementation model to facilitate the practical application of this concept in industry. The main enabling technologies of the model are introduced afterward. In addition, a prototype system was developed, and relevant experiments were conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed system architecture and the implementation framework, as well as some of the derived benefits.

Healthy Operator 4.0: A Human Cyber–Physical System Architecture for Smart Workplaces