Musicology

Neuroscience

Pedagogy

Auditory cortex

Musical

Neural correlates of consciousness

Encoding (memory)

Visual arts

Cognition

Music psychology

Cognitive psychology

Psychology

Temporal cortex

Melody

eLife

Humans engagement in music rests on underlying elements such as the listeners' cultural background and interest in music. These factors modulate how listeners anticipate musical events, a process inducing instantaneous neural responses as the music confronts these expectations. Measuring such neural correlates would represent a direct window into high-level brain processing. Here we recorded cortical signals as participants listened to Bach melodies. We assessed the relative contributions of acoustic

Cortical encoding of melodic expectations in human temporal cortex