Seismic vulnerability of circular tunnels in soft soil deposits: The case of Shanghai metropolitan system

This paper aims at the vulnerability assessment of circular tunnels in soft soil deposits of the metropolitan subway system of Shanghai, accounting for the effects of soil-structure-interaction, local soil conditions and tunnel burial depth. The study focuses on the seismic vulnerability in the transversal direction. A suite of twelve earthquake records is selected and scaled from 0.1 g to 1.0 g to perform non-linear incremental dynamic analysis...