Unplanned Cesarean Delivery in the Second Stage of Labor Holds Higher Odds of Complications than in the First Stage, while Similar in Primiparas and Multiparas

<b><i>Background:</i></b> While endeavors to reduce cesarean delivery (CD) rates are given priority worldwide, it is important to evaluate if these efforts place parturients and neonates at risk. CD performed in the second stage of labor carries higher risks of maternal and fetal complications and is a more challenging surgical procedure than that performed in the first stage or before labor. In a population with a low CD...