Sustainable production of dry-ultra-precision machining of Ti–6Al–4V alloy using PCD tool under ultrasonic elliptical vibration-assisted cutting

The Ti–6Al–4V alloy is regarded as a typical hard-to-machine material owing to its small thermal conductivity and low deformation coefficient. Large amounts of cutting fluids are required and consumed in the traditional ultra-precision machining of the Ti–6Al–4V alloy to reduce the cutting temperature and inhibit tool wear. Negative effects, such as environmental pollution and hazards to operator, follow behind owing to the use of cutting...