Numerical assessment of the energy instability of gas outburst of deformed and normal coal combinations during mining

The complexity of the coal and gas outburst process makes the gas outburst mechanism difficult to understand, leading to serious disasters of coal and gas outbursts in China. However, the presence of deformed coal may promote the occurrence of coal and gas outbursts, and several normal coal layers and deformed coal layers often occur at the same location. To better assess the energy instability of gas outbursts of coal combinations, the coal and...