Electrically Polarized Hydroxyapatite: Influence of the Polarization Process on the Microstructure and Properties

Semipermanently polarized hydroxyapatite, named SP/HAp(w), is obtained by applying a constant dc electric field of 1–10 kV/cm at 300–850 °C to the samples previously sintered in water vapor, while permanently polarized hydroxyapatite, PP/HAp(a), is produced by applying a dc electric field of 3 kV/cm at 1000 °C to the samples sintered in air. SP/HAp(w) has been used for biomedical applications, while PP/HAp(a) has been proved to be a valuable...