Proton-pump inhibitor

Intensive care medicine

Adverse effect

Biology

Bioinformatics

Meta-analysis

Internal medicine

Pharmacology

Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have been increasingly used over the last decades and there are concerns about overuse and the numerous reported side-effects. It is uncertain whether associations between PPI use and potential side effects are causal. However, important evidence from experimental and mechanistic studies that could support a causal relationship may have been underestimated by epidemiologists and meta-analysists. In the current manuscript we review the combined epidemiological and mechanistic evidence of the adverse effects of PPI use.

Adverse Effects of Proton Pump Inhibitors—Evidence and Plausibility