Agents for the prevention and treatment of age-related macular degeneration and macular edema: a literature and patent review

Introduction: Macular degeneration (MD) and macular edema (ME) are ophthalmologic diseases affecting an increasing number of the aging population. Until recently, there were few therapeutic options for both conditions but the last two decades saw important advances.Areas covered: This review summarizes the agents used for the treatment of age-related MD (AMD), which include verteporfin, for photodynamic therapy, and anti-VEGF agents, the aptamer...