Induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived mesenchymal stem cells prolong hind limb survival in a rat vascularized composite allotransplantation model

Background The reduction of systemic immunosuppressive agents is essential for the expansion of vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) in a clinical setting. The purpose of this study is to compare human‐induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (iMSCs) with four other types of mesenchymal stem cells (human bone marrow‐derived MSCs [BMMSCs], human adipose‐derived MSCs [ADMSCs], rat BMMSCs, and rat ADMSCs) in vitro,...