Deformation and failure of lithium-ion batteries treated as a discrete layered structure

Safety of lithium-ion batteries under mechanical loadings is currently one of the most challenging and urgent issues facing in the Electric Vehicle (EV) industry. The architecture of all types of large-format automotive batteries is an assembly of alternating layers of anode, separator, and cathode. The anode is composed of a very thin copper foil double-side coated with graphite powders, while the cathode is an aluminum foil with the active...