Quantum mechanics

Magnetic field

Transmission electron microscopy

Nanoparticle

Magnetization

Materials science

Chromatography

Ferromagnetism

Nuclear magnetic resonance

Arrhenius equation

Mössbauer spectroscopy

Atomic physics

Inorganic chemistry

Magnetic susceptibility

Physical chemistry

Physics

Hyperfine structure

Nanotechnology

Organic chemistry

Superparamagnetism

Quadrupole splitting

Spin glass

Condensed matter physics

Composite material

Analytical Chemistry (journal)

Crystallography

Chemistry

Scanning electron microscope

Dysprosium

Activation energy

Nanomaterials

This paper reports the influence of dysprosium ion (Dy3+) substitution on the structural and magnetic properties of NiDyxFe2-xO4 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1) nanoparticles (NPs) prepared using a hydrothermal method. The structure and morphology of the as-synthesized NPs were characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning and transmission electron microscope (SEM, and TEM) analyses. 57Fe Mössbauer spectra were recorded to determine the Dy3+ content dependent variation in the line width, isomer shift, quadrupole splitting, and hyperfine magnetic fields. Furthermore, the magnetic properties of the prepared NPs were also investigated by zero-field cooled (ZFC) and field cooled (FC) magnetizations and AC susceptibility measurements. The MZFC (T) results showed a blocking temperature (TB). Below TB, the products behave as ferromagnetic (FM) and act superparamagnetic (SPM) above TB. The MFC (T) curves indicated the existence of super-spin glass (SSG) behavior below Ts (spin-glass freezing temperature). The AC susceptibility measurements confirmed the existence of the two transition temperatures (i.e., TB and Ts). Numerous models, e.g., Neel-Arrhenius (N-A), Vogel-Fulcher (V-F), and critical slowing down (CSD), were used to investigate the dynamics of the systems. It was found that the Dy substitution enhanced the magnetic interactions.

Magnetic Attributes of NiFe2O4 Nanoparticles: Influence of Dysprosium Ions (Dy3+) Substitution