Cryopreservation

Gamete intrafallopian transfer

Cell biology

Reproductive technology

In vitro fertilisation

Embryo cryopreservation

Biology

Sperm

Ovarian tissue cryopreservation

Oocyte cryopreservation

Environmental health

Fertility preservation

Genetics

Embryo

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

Assisted reproductive technology

Fertility

Infertility

Population

Gynecology

Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation

Andrology

Medicine

Gamete

Pregnancy

Reproductive Biology

Since the first reported birth following in vitro fertilization in 1978, further developments in assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatments have produced at least 8 million babies worldwide. Cryopreservation techniques have been central to this treatment revolution, increasing cycle efficacy by allowing the banking of supernumerary embryos for later use, as well as affording the prospective patient more time in cases of anticipated fertility decline. Additionally, these techniques have demonstrated promise in increasing the safety of ART treatments, by reducing complications such as ovarian hyperstimulation, leading to increased support for the introduction of a 'total freeze' policy involving deferred embryo transfers. Importantly, the effective cryopreservation of both spermatozoa and oocytes has permitted long-term gamete storage without degradation of quality, facilitating gamete banking for personal use or fertility treatment. Here, we will summarise the indications for applying cryopreservation methods in clinical reproductive medicine, highlighting recent technical advances and examining the evidence base that supports the continued use of cryopreservation in ART.

Ice age: Cryopreservation in assisted reproduction – An update