Pre-exposure prophylaxis

Psychoanalysis

Tenofovir

Cohort

Sida

Viral disease

Virology

Cohort study

Men who have sex with men

Transgender women

Psychology

Transgender

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Internal medicine

Gynecology

Syphilis

Medicine

Transgender Person

Clinical Infectious Diseases

Feminizing hormone therapy (FHT) may interact with human immunodeficiency virus preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP). We found that transgender women who took FHT exhibited a 7-fold lower rectal tissue ratio of PrEP’s active metabolites vs competing deoxynucleotides compared to cisgender women and men (P = .03) that inversely correlated with estradiol (ρ = –0.79; P &amp;lt; .05). Thus, FHT may negatively impact PrEP efficacy. Clinical Trials Registration . NCT02983110.

Decreased Tenofovir Diphosphate Concentrations in a Transgender Female Cohort: Implications for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Preexposure Prophylaxis