Internal medicine

Pathology

Pediatrics

Disease

Asphyxia

Pathogenesis

Bioinformatics

Biology

Etiology

Intensive care medicine

Immunology

Neonatal encephalopathy

Sepsis

Hypothermia

Encephalopathy

Perinatal asphyxia

Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy

Genetic predisposition

Medicine

Frontiers in Pediatrics

Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is associated with high mortality and morbidity. Factors predisposing to NE can be antenatal, perinatal or a combination of both. Antenatal maternal factors, familial factors, genetic predisposition, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, infections, placental abnormalities, thrombophilia, coagulation defects and metabolic disorders all have been implicated in the pathogenesis of NE. At present, therapeutic hypothermia is the only treatment available, regardless of aetiology. Recognising the aetiology of NE involved can also guide investigations such as metabolic and sepsis workups to ensure optimal management. Understanding the aetiology of NE may allow the development of targeted adjunctive therapies related to the underlying mechanism and develop preventative strategies

Neonatal Encephalopathy: Need for Recognition of Multiple Etiologies for Optimal Management