Incidence and molecular characterization of a 16SrI-B phytoplasma strain associated with Vitis vinifera leaf yellowing and reddening in the west of Iran

Leaf yellowing and reddening symptoms on Vitis vinifera vines were observed in different grapevine nurseries in the province of Kurdistan in the west of Iran during 2016–2017. Total DNA was extracted from 27 symptomatic and four symptomless plants and tested for the presence of phytoplasma DNA by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using P1/P7 and R16F2n/R16R2 primer pairs. PCR amplicons of about 1.8 and 1.2 kb in size were obtained from all...