Detector

Pixel

Computer graphics (images)

Image processing

Digital imaging

Telecommunications

Computer science

Physics

Optics

Image (mathematics)

Image sensor

Terahertz radiation

Artificial intelligence

Digital image

Imaging science

Computer vision

Sensors

Whereas modern digital cameras use a pixelated detector array to capture images, single-pixel imaging reconstructs images by sampling a scene with a series of masks and associating the knowledge of these masks with the corresponding intensity measured with a single-pixel detector. Though not performing as well as digital cameras in conventional visible imaging, single-pixel imaging has been demonstrated to be advantageous in unconventional applications, such as multi-wavelength imaging, terahertz imaging, X-ray imaging, and three-dimensional imaging. The developments and working principles of single-pixel imaging are reviewed, a mathematical interpretation is given, and the key elements are analyzed. The research works of three-dimensional single-pixel imaging and their potential applications are further reviewed and discussed.

Single-Pixel Imaging and Its Application in Three-Dimensional Reconstruction: A Brief Review