False positives associated with responder/non-responder analyses based on motor evoked potentials

Background A trend in the non-invasive brain stimulation literature is to assess the outcome of an intervention using a responder analysis whereby participants are di- or trichotomised in order that they may be classified as either responders or non-responders. Objective Examine the extent of the Type I error in motor evoked potential (MEP) data subjected to responder analyses. Methods Seven sets of 30 MEPs were recorded from the first dorsal...