membrane bioreactor

birds_111977

dyslipidemic

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology

Microbubbles are increasingly being used in biomedical applications such as ultrasonic imaging and targeted drug delivery . Microbubbles typically range from 0.1 to 10 µm in size and consist of a protective shell made of lipids or proteins. The shell encapsulates a gaseous core containing gases such as oxygen, sulfur hexafluoride or perfluorocarbons . This review is a consolidated account of information available in the literature on research related to microbubbles. Efforts have been made to present an overview of microbubble synthesis techniques; microbubble stability; microbubbles as contrast agents in ultrasonic imaging and drug delivery vehicles ; and side effects related to microbubble administration in humans. Developments related to the modeling of microbubble dissolution and stability are also discussed.

Microbubble Formulations: Synthesis, Stability, Modeling and Biomedical Applications