Dependence of Heterogeneous Nucleation on Hydrogen Bonding Lifetime and Complementarity

The crystallization of seven active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) (acetaminophen (AAP), carbamazepine (CBMZ), caffeine (CAF), phenylbutazone (PBZ), risperidone (RIS), clozapine base (CPB), and fenofibrate (FF)) was studied in the absence and presence of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) which acted as a heterosurface. Two of the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), namely, AAP and CBMZ, possess hydrogen bond donor (HBD) and hydrogen bond...