Internal medicine

Public health

Receptor

Medical prescription

Economic growth

Biology

Psychiatry

Nursing

Health care

Emergency medicine

Economics

Opioid

Fentanyl

(+)-Naloxone

Heroin

Opioid overdose

Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project

Pregnancy

Opioid use disorder

Drug

Substance abuse

Anesthesia

Genetics

Medicine

Environmental health

MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report

Opioid use by pregnant women represents a significant public health concern given the association of opioid exposure and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, including preterm labor, stillbirth, neonatal abstinence syndrome, and maternal mortality (1,2).State-level actions are critical to curbing the opioid epidemic through programs and policies to reduce use of prescription opioids and illegal opioids including heroin and illicitly manufactured fentanyl, both of which contribute to the epidemic (3).Hospital discharge data from the 1999-2014 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) were analyzed to describe U.S. national and state-specific trends in opioid use disorder documented at delivery hospitalization.Nationally, the prevalence of opioid use disorder more than quadrupled during 1999-2014 (from 1.5 per 1,000 delivery hospitalizations to 6.5; p<0.05).Increasing trends over time were observed in all 28 states with available data (p<0.05).In 2014, prevalence ranged from 0.7 in the District of Columbia (DC) to 48.6 in Vermont.Continued national, state, and provider efforts to prevent, monitor, and treat opioid use disorder among reproductive-aged and pregnant women are needed.Efforts might include improved access to data in Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs, increased substance abuse screening, use of medication-assisted therapy, and substance abuse treatment referrals.Data were analyzed from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS; 1999-2014) and the State Inpatient Databases (SID; 1999-2014) of HCUP, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (4).NIS approximates a 20% stratified sample of all U.S. community hospital discharges participating in HCUP and is weighted to be nationally representative.Survey-specific analysis techniques were used to account for clustering, stratification, and weighting in NIS analyses (4).The SID contain state-specific data on hospital inpatient stays, regardless of payer; 30 states and DC had publically available data (Table ).

Opioid Use Disorder Documented at Delivery Hospitalization — United States, 1999–2014