Incentive

Demography

Norm (philosophy)

Engineering

Philosophy

Statistics

Critical mass (sociodynamics)

Microeconomics

Social psychology

Dynamics (music)

Social dynamics

Critical point (mathematics)

Pedagogy

Economics

Empirical evidence

Empirical research

Psychology

Mathematics

Convention

Political science

Epistemology

Tipping point (physics)

Population

Sociology

Mathematical analysis

Electrical engineering

Social science

Science

Theoretical models of critical mass have shown how minority groups can initiate social change dynamics in the emergence of new social conventions. Here, we study an artificial system of social conventions in which human subjects interact to establish a new coordination equilibrium. The findings provide direct empirical demonstration of the existence of a tipping point in the dynamics of changing social conventions. When minority groups reached the critical mass-that is, the critical group size for initiating social change-they were consistently able to overturn the established behavior. The size of the required critical mass is expected to vary based on theoretically identifiable features of a social setting. Our results show that the theoretically predicted dynamics of critical mass do in fact emerge as expected within an empirical system of social coordination.

Experimental evidence for tipping points in social convention