Melt pool temperature and cooling rates in laser powder bed fusion

In laser powder bed fusion, melt pool dynamics and stability are driven by the temperature field in the melt pool. If the temperature field is unfavourable defects are likely to form. The localised and rapid heating and cooling in the process presents a challenge for the experimental methods used to measure temperature. As a result, understanding of these process fundamentals is limited. In this paper a method is developed that uses coaxial...