Cosmic ray

Irradiation

Physics

Electron

Fluence

Crystallography

Perovskite (structure)

Halide

Inorganic chemistry

Space environment

Trihalide

Nuclear physics

Chemistry

Materials science

Solar cell

Proton

Optoelectronics

Geophysics

iScience

Materials to be used in the space environment have to withstand extreme conditions, particularly with respect to cosmic particle irradiation. We report robust stability and high tolerance of organolead trihalide perovskite solar cells against high-fluence electron and proton beams. We found that methylammonium and formamidinium-based lead iodide perovskite solar cells composed of TiO2 and a conductive polymer, as electron and hole transport materials, can survive against accumulated dose levels up to 1016 and 1015particles/cm2 of electrons (1 MeV) and protons (50 KeV), respectively, which are known to completely destroy crystalline Si-, GaAS-, and InGaP/GaAs-based solar cells in spacecraft. These results justify the superior tolerance of perovskite photovoltaic materials to severe space radiations and their usefulness in satellite missions.

Tolerance of Perovskite Solar Cell to High-Energy Particle Irradiations in Space Environment