Centralization or decentralization? A review on the effects of information and communication technology on urban spatial structure

Information and communication technology (ICT) can play an important role in shaping and modifying the urban spatial structure through its effects on the elements and factors that shape this structure. There are many studies that have focused on these effects and studied the impacts of ICT on urban elements and functions. The results of most of these studies are based on arguments about the impacts of these technologies on decentralization or...