Abstract The fractographic aspects of compression failures remain inadequately explored, mainly due to the damages that the compressive load promotes on the fracture surfaces, which difficult the identification of fracture aspects. In addition, despite the large quantity of studies on the literature, there is no consensus concerning the existing compressive failure modes. Aiming to contribute in this research field, this paper has the objective of proposing a novel classification for the compressive failure modes of fiber reinforced polymer composites. The classification proposed here was based on an extensive literature review as well as in microscopic investigations performed on different composite laminates via scanning electron microscopy. It can be said that this classification has a phenomenological nature, since the failure modes were grouped according to the dominant characteristic. Furthermore, the sequence of events that lead to failure was described for each failure mode. This approach eases its application and allows its use for different types fiber composites, besides allowing the investigation of failed composite structures by means of post-mortem analyses. Finally, the wedge splitting failure mode was identified for the first time on fiber reinforced polymer composites.
Last. Wai Yee Yeong(NTU: Nanyang Technological University)H-Index: 43
view all 8 authors...
Abstract Continuous fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have been used for many applications to create strong yet lightweight products due to their high strength-to-weight and stiffness-to-weight ratios. Aerospace [1] , automotive [2] , and sport [3] industries are three of the few industries that have been using FRP composites. The increasing need for prototyping and customization of fiber reinforced polymer composite parts is prompting innovations in new manufacturing processes to realiz...
Abstract The effects of defects on lowering the compressive strength of thick unidirectional carbon fiber polymer matrix composites are reported here. Experimental results on specimens with specially designed defect shape and sizes are presented. A decrease in compressive strength is seen with an increase in both misalignment angle and defect height. Defect aspect ratio seems to influence the dominant mode of failure, with lower defect aspect ratio coupons showing propensity to kink, whereas, hi...
Abstract This paper is part of a series of fractographic studies on fiber-reinforced polymer composites submitted to compression, which attempts to fill the gap in the composite failure analysis. Here, the effect of the hygrothermal conditioning is assessed for composite laminates manufactured from a carbon fiber/epoxy resin prepregs, which used plain weave fiber arrangement. The laminate was trimmed into compression test specimens, according to the ASTM D3410 standard. After the test, the aspec...
Last. Raimund Rolfes(Leibniz University of Hanover)H-Index: 28
view all 3 authors...
Abstract The compressive failure of multidirectional laminates can be considered as an interaction of four failure mechanisms: fiber kinking, fiber splitting, matrix cracking and delamination. The interaction of these four failure mechanisms is responsible for the macroscopically observed nonlinear behavior and ultimate failure of the structure. In this paper, a numerically efficient 3D Finite Element modeling approach is presented combining the benefits of homogenizing material models and micro...
The composite prepreg waste is still an environmental challenge. In the last decade, several researchers have been studying the recycling and reuse processes of composite components, mainly to use in secondary (non-structural) components. In this paper, uncured aerospace grade prepreg scraps resulted from the production waste were used to manufacture laminates. The carbon reinforcement of the prepreg presented plain weave style fabric. To manufacture the laminates the hand-lay up process was use...
Last. Bodo Fiedler(UHH: University of Hamburg)H-Index: 27
view all 4 authors...
Abstract The subject of this work is the micromechanical investigation of the influence of voids on the compressive failure behaviour of fibre-reinforced polymers (FRP). Although, the effect of void content on the mechanical properties was investigated in previous literature, a local examination of the failure mechanisms is essential to understand how the presence of voids reduces the compressive strength in FRP. Therefore, the complex three dimensional structure of a composite, including severa...
Last. P.T. Curtis(Imperial College London)H-Index: 17
view all 4 authors...
Abstract In this paper, the hybridisation of multidirectional carbon fibre-reinforced composites as a means of improving the compressive performance is studied. The aim is to thoroughly investigate how hybridisation influences the laminate behaviour under different compression conditions and thus provide an explanation of the “hybrid effect”. The chosen approach was to compare the compressive performance of two monolithic carbon fibre/epoxy systems, CYTEC HTS/MTM44-1 and IMS/MTM44-1, with that o...
Introduction.- Detailed methodologies for integrated delamination growth and fiber-matrix damage progression simulation.- Delamination Growth in Composite Plates under Fatigue Loading Conditions.- Influence of intralaminar damage on the delamination crack evolution.- Microdamage modeling in laminates.- Finite element study of delaminations in notched composites.- Effect of the damage extension through the thickness on the calculation of the residual strength of impacted composite laminates.- A F...
Description based on print version record. ; Electronic reproduction. Palo Alto, Calif. : ebrary, 2014. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ebrary affiliated libraries. ; Electronic reproduction. Palo Alto, Calif. : ebrary, 2014. Availa
Abstract We investigated the face-stabilized Open-Hole Compression (OHC) test method for evaluating the effects of fiber waviness on the compression strength of continuous carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites. Temporal evaluations of the load-deformation response, acoustic emissions and optical microscopy are used to understand the failure modes and damage progression in the OHC specimen. The failure modes observed are structurally correlated to matrix failure and kink zone formation leadi...
#2Anton Jansson(NCSU: North Carolina State University)
Last. Dipankar Ghosh(ODU: Old Dominion University)H-Index: 20
view all 4 authors...
Abstract The ice-templating technique enables the fabrication of multilayered ceramic-based composite materials. Very little is known on the inelastic deformation mechanisms that evolve in this class of composite materials under` compressive loading conditions and cause macroscopic failure. The current study is motivated by a recent study by the authors, which revealed that the uniaxial compressive response of ice-templated ceramic–polymer composites is strongly dependent on the loading directio...
Abstract Advanced composite materials have excellent mechanical and physical properties, which are wide, used in aerospace, automobile, biomedical, recreational (sport), and structural industries. Because composite materials have high stiffness and strength, fatigue failure and corrosion resistance, and low density compared with meals and metals alloy. But, composite materials' properties became poor performance due to manufacturing defects, fiber-matrix stacking sequences, fiber orientations, a...
Abstract Post impact compressive residual strength of epoxy-based composite laminates is studied in the presence of through-thickness reinforcement (TTR). The tufting technique is used to introduce TTR in compact carbon unidirectional (UD) composites. Composite laminates are tufted using Kevlar thread with different tuft density by varying tuft pitch and spacing. The specimens are impacted with low-velocity impact to achieve barely visible impact damage (BVID). The damaged area is quantified usi...
Abstract The damage mechanism in a composite plate with an edge notch influenced by water freezing and subjected to bending loading is investigated using Scanning Electron Microscopy images. The microstructure of the composite plate around the notch tip induced by freeze-thaw cycles is compared to dry specimens and showed a change in shape of the notch in micro-scale as well as introducing surface minor damage after conditioning. Moreover, the fracture surface of specimens, conditioned for 10, 2...
Abstract Compression tests were assessed to evaluate the ageing effects on carbon fiber/epoxy resin laminates exposed to ozone and water immersion. Laminates with distinct fiber arrangements (unidirectional - UD and plain weave - PW) were tested under compression strength at room (22 °C) and high (82 °C) temperatures after conditioning. The results show that the composites were mainly affected by direct exposure to water and to the high temperature used in the tests. Ozone exposure was also harm...
#1Kangyi Lu(Huada: Beijing University of Chemical Technology)H-Index: 2
#2Wenmo Zhu(Huada: Beijing University of Chemical Technology)
Last. Xiaoping Yang(Huada: Beijing University of Chemical Technology)H-Index: 57
view all 5 authors...
Abstract Epoxy matrix with high modulus was synergistically designed by organic amide acid (AA) and inorganic nano silica (SiO2) as well as stiffened interphase of carbon fiber composite, and the effects of matrix modulus on longitudinal compressive strength and failure mechanism of composites were investigated. The elastic and shear modulus of matrix was enhanced by increased chemical cross-linking cites of AA and mechanical restraint of SiO2, contributing to improved interfacial properties fro...
#1Jap Cunha(ITA: Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica)
#1J.A.P. Cunha(ITA: Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica)H-Index: 1
Last. MC Rezende(UNIFESP: Federal University of São Paulo)
view all 4 authors...
Tensile tests were assessed to evaluate the ageing effects on carbon fiber/epoxy resin laminates exposed to ozone and water immersion. Laminates with distinct fiber arrangements (unidirectional - U...
Abstract Composite material-based structures have become increasingly common for aircraft construction. While a large number of researches focused on the understanding of composite materials and structures’ behavior under a variety of scenarios to determine their performance when being exposed to flight loads, it is also critical to consider how these materials fail and fracture, especially in an aircraft accident. In this study, tension, compression, bend, impact, and fatigue fracture analysis ...
#1Bing Wang(HIT: Harbin Institute of Technology)H-Index: 26
#2Guodong Fang(HIT: Harbin Institute of Technology)H-Index: 15
Last. Shuo Liu(HIT: Harbin Institute of Technology)H-Index: 6
view all 6 authors...
Abstract The longitudinal compressive properties of carbon fiber/nanoparticles reinforced polymer unidirectional composites are investigated by experiments and a series of numerical simulations based on fast Fourier transforms (FFT) method taking into consideration matrix plastic behavior and initial fiber waviness. The efficient and accurate FFT-based method is convenient and has the low computation cost to discuss the effects of material and geometric parameters on the longitudinal compressive...