Type three secretion system

Salmonella

Effector

Bacteria

Escherichia coli

Biology

Microbiology

Gene

Yersinia

Immunology

Shigella

Shigella flexneri

Cell biology

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli

Secretion

Genetics

Biochemistry

Virulence

Immune system

Trends in Microbiology

Microbial pathogens possess a diversity of weapons that disrupt host homeostasis and immune defenses, thus resulting in the establishment of infection. The best-characterized system mediating bacterial protein delivery into target eukaryotic cells is the type III secretion system (T3SS) expressed by Gram-negative bacteria, including the human enteric pathogens Shigella, Salmonella, Yersinia, and enteropathogenic/enterohemorragic Escherichia coli (EPEC/EHEC). The emerging global view is that these T3SS-bearing pathogens share similarities in their ability to target key cellular pathways such as the cell cytoskeleton, trafficking, cell death/survival, and the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.

Host Cell Targeting by Enteropathogenic Bacteria T3SS Effectors