Electrical engineering

Physics

Topology (electrical circuits)

Power dividers and directional couplers

Beamforming

Resonator

Optics

Engineering

Interferometry

Waveguide

Photonics

Photonic integrated circuit

Electronic engineering

Computer science

Integrated circuit

Optoelectronics

Broadband

Telecommunications

IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics

An overview of the most recent developments and improvements to the low-loss TriPleX Si 3 N 4 waveguide technology is presented in this paper.The TriPleX platform provides a suite of waveguide geometries (box, double stripe, symmetric single stripe, and asymmetric double stripe) that can be combined to design complex functional circuits, but more important are manufactured in a single monolithic process flow to create a compact photonic integrated circuit.All functionalities of the integrated circuit are constructed using standard basic building blocks, namely straight and bent waveguides, splitters/combiners and couplers, spot size converters, and phase tuning elements.The basic functionalities that have been realized are: ring resonators and Mach-Zehnder interferometer filters, tunable delay elements, and waveguide switches.Combination of these basic functionalities evolves into more complex functions such as higher order filters, beamforming networks,

Low-Loss Si3N4 TriPleX Optical Waveguides: Technology and Applications Overview