The Contextual Role of Regulatory Stakeholder Pressure in Proactive Environmental Strategies: An Empirical Test of Competing Theoretical Perspectives

Guided by two competing theoretical perspectives, we investigate the contextual role of perceived regulatory stakeholder pressure in the relationship between firms’ strategic orientation and their pursuit of a proactive environmental strategy (PES). While the enhancing perspective suggests that perceived regulatory stakeholder pressure strengthens the association between strategic orientation and PES, the buffering perspective argues that...