Kinetics of methyl esters production with dimethyl carbonate over niobium phosphate

The aim of this study is to evaluate commercial niobium phosphate as heterogeneous catalyst in biodiesel production from oleic acid and low-cost raw materials using dimethyl carbonate as acyl receptor. Catalyst was characterized and textural and structural properties were obtained. Effect of temperature, molar ratio and catalyst concentration were investigated. At higher temperature conditions, higher FFA conversions were achieved. Molar ratio...