Acetolactate synthase (ALS) has been found in chloroplasts of higher plants and is necessary in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids.1–3 Herbicides that target ALS include five classes: p...
#2Weiping Liu(Zhejiang University of Technology)H-Index: 80
Last. Kevin K. Liu(LSU: Louisiana State University)H-Index: 3
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Herbicides that target the acetolactate synthase (ALS) are among the most widely used weed control chemicals since their introduction into the marketplace in the early 1980s, including five classes (sulfonylureas, imidazolinones, triazolopyrimidines, pyrimidinylthio (or oxy)-benzoates and sulfonylamino-carbonyltriazolinones). The mechanism researches have progressed unprecedentedly in the last two decades. Primary mode of action of the ALS-inhibiting herbicides that interfere with the activity o...
Last. Frank Rinaldi(BMS: Bristol-Myers Squibb)H-Index: 7
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A novel thioacetate mediated one-step reductive acetamidation of aryl nitro compounds was developed and applied to an efficient synthesis of acetaminophen. The reaction also proceeds well without a solvent in the presence of a catalytic amount of surfactant.
Acetolactate synthase (ALS; EC 4.6.3.8, also referred to acetohydroxy acid synthase; AHAS) is the first common enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway to the branched-chain amino acids; valine, leucine and isoleucine (Fig. 1). The pathway exists in plants and microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi and algae. ALS is the primary target site of action for at least four structurally distinct classes of herbicides including the sulfonylureas (SUs; LaRossa and Schloss 1984; Ray 1984), the imidazolinones (I...
Abstract In addition to the synthesis of ketolacids the enzyme acetolactate synthase shows an oxygen-consuming side reaction. Partially purified acctolactate synthase from corn (Zea mays L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) exhibits chemiluminescence in the presence of oxygen, Mn2+ and low concentrations of pyruvate. Light emission is inhibited by azide, but not by catalase or superoxide dismutase. The data suggest the formation of singlet oxygen during the catalytic cycle, and provides a basis f...
In addition to the physiological reactions catalyzed by acetolactate synthase, it supports an oxygen-consuming side reaction. Although the synthase and oxygenase activities are activated to somewhat different extents by various metals (Mn2+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Coz+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Cd2+, Cu2+, Ba2+, A13+), the modest degree of these differences (at most 6-fold) and the high degree of promiscuity of the enzyme with respect to its metal requirement suggest that the metal is not intimately involved in the che...
