Stress intensity factors for axial semi-elliptical surface cracks and embedded elliptical cracks at longitudinal butt welded joints of steel-lined pressure tunnels and shafts considering weld shape

When for steel liners of pressure tunnels and shafts high-strength steels are used, welded joints are subject to the risk of hydrogen induced cold-cracking in the base material. Longitudinal butt welded joints are critical regions as they are loaded transversely. For an accurate engineering fatigue and fracture assessment, solutions for stress intensity factors (SIF) are required, considering the weld shape and the global behavior of the liner...