Endobronchial and Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Transvascular Biopsy of Mediastinal, Hilar, and Lung Lesions

BackgroundEndoscopic techniques, including endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), are the initial approach for the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer and the diagnosis of mediastinal and hilar lesions. Historically, the transvascular approach has been avoided because of concerns of bleeding. Here we review our experience with EBUS and EUS transvascular biopsy of mediastinal, hilar, and lung lesions.MethodsA...