C₄ photosynthesis in C₃ rice: a theoretical analysis of biochemical and anatomical factors

Engineering C 4 photosynthesis into rice has been considered a promising strategy to increase photosynthesis and yield. A question that remains to be answered is whether expressing a C 4 metabolic cycle into a C 3 leaf structure and without removing the C 3 background metabolism improves photosynthetic efficiency. To explore this question, we developed a 3D reaction diffusion model of bundle‐sheath and connected mesophyll cells in a C 3 rice...