A chronicle of surgical thinking and doing for exotropia: innovations and rediscoveries

Purpose To review the evolution of theories and practices concerning surgery for exotropia over the last approximately 200 years. Methods Major ophthalmology texts and relevant references were reviewed to discover experience and thinking concerning the causes of comitant intermittent and constant exotropia and corrective surgical approaches. Results The concept that excessive divergence is the cause of comitant exotropia has given way to one...