A viscoelastic–viscoplastic constitutive model considering damage evolution for time dependent materials: Application to asphalt mixes

In this paper, employing the definition of an effective configuration in the continuum damage mechanics, mechanical response of a compressible viscoelastic–viscoplastic material is investigated. We present a phenomenological viscoelastic–viscoplastic–viscodamage constitutive model, developed within the framework of irreversible thermodynamics. The formulation is based on the additive decomposition of the total strain into elastic, viscoelastic,...