Tumor Necrosis Factor‐α Attenuates the Osteogenic Differentiation Capacity of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells by Activating PERK Signaling

Background: Human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) display efficient osteogenic differentiation capacity but fail to rescue bone breakdown associated with periodontitis. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the unfolded protein response have recently been linked to inflammation and osteogenic differentiation. Therefore, the role of the double‐stranded RNA‐activated protein kinase (PKR)‐like ER kinase (PERK) pathway in the impaired...