Discussions concerning which literacy skills will be required of students in the 21st century have appeared in numerous educational publications recently and have been greeted with mixed reactions (Bellanca & Brandt, 2010; Trilling & Fadel, 2009). It has been proposed that the skills necessary to be a literate citizen in the new millennium have expanded from simply being able to read and write printed text to being able to consume and produce a variety of texts across traditional and new technologies and working in digital and mobile environments (Kress, 2010; Lankshear & Knobel, 2006; Luke, 1995). What needs to be emphasized in these discussions are the challenges associated with the visual and multimodal aspects of the texts readers will encounter. As the texts readers encounter grow in complexity, shifting from monomodal to multimodal, and are distributed in digital forms in addition to traditional print-based forms, the requisite skills readers will draw upon needs to expand to handle the demands of these...

Arizona State University

Psychology

Sociology

Mathematics education

Linguistics

Pedagogy

Reading 

Reading comprehension

Research in the Schools

Reading Multimodal Texts in the 21st Century.