Numerical study of the evolution of cohesion and internal friction in rock during the pre-peak deformation process

Rock strength is generally divided into the components of cohesion and internal friction. These components are two important parameters for estimating the damaged or disturbed zone around an excavation and its corresponding support design. However, the cohesive and frictional strength components at the same strain increment before peak strength are difficult to separate from each other. In addition, the misperception of their mutual evolution...