Tailoring the Nanostructured Surfaces of Hydroxyapatite Bioceramics to Promote Protein Adsorption, Osteoblast Growth, and Osteogenic Differentiation

To promote and understand the biological responses of the implant via nanostructured surface design is essential for the development of bioactive bone implants. However, the control of the surface topography of the bioceramics in nanoscale is a big challenge because of their brittle property. Herein, the hydroxyapatite (HAp) bioceramics with distinct nanostructured topographies were fabricated via hydrothermal treatment using α-tricalcium...