Abstract Background Although the prevalence of strabismus is 2% to 5% in European-based and African-American populations, little is known about the prevalence of strabismus in Native-American populations. We report the prevalence of strabismus in children who are members of a Native-American tribe with a high prevalence of astigmatism. Methods Subjects were 594 children enrolled in Head Start and 315 children enrolled in kindergarten or first grade (K/1) in schools on the Tohono O'odham Reservation. Distance and near cover tests were performed on each child by an ophthalmologist or optometrist, and cycloplegic refraction was obtained. Results Strabismus was detected in 9 Head Start children (1.5%) and 3 K/1 children (1.0%). Ratio of esotropia to exotropia was 1:3 in Head Start and 1:2 in K/1. Anisometropia ≥1.00 diopter (D) spherical equivalent was present in 2 children with strabismus, and anisometropia ≥1.00 D cylinder was present in 4 with strabismus. Conclusion The prevalence of strabismus in Tohono O'odham children is at the low end of the prevalence range reported in studies of European-based and African-American populations.
Objective: To estimate the distribution and predictors of some common visual problems (strabismus, amblyopia, hypermetropia) within a population-based cohort of children at the age of 7 years. Methods: Children participating in a birth cohort study were examined by orthoptists who carried out cover/uncover, alternate cover, visual acuity and non-cycloplegic refraction tests. Prospectively collected data on potential risk factors were available from the study. Results: Data were available for 782...
Anisometropia is a difference in refractive error in the two eyes of an individual. It is often associated with amblyopia, both in the presence of and in the absence of strabismus.1,2 The prevalence (i.e., the proportion of individuals who have a condition at a point in time) of anisometropia reported in school-based and population-based studies of school-aged children is typically less than 5%, but varies depending on the manner in which anisometropia is defined, as shown in Table 1.3-20 For th...
We previously revealed the prevalence of strabismus and amblyopia in elementary school children between 6 and 12 years of age in Japan in the year 2003. Questionnaires asking the number of children with different types of strabismus and amblyopia were sent to all elementary schools in Okayama Prefecture in the year 2005, and the results in the year 2005 were compared with those obtained in the year 2003. The number of children covered by the return of questionnaires was 84,619 (74%) of 113,763 t...
Last. Paul Mitchell(Millennium Institute)H-Index: 163
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Purpose To describe the prevalence of strabismus and factors associated with its diagnosis in a representative sample of older Australian children. Design Cross-sectional, population-based study. Methods A representative stratified random cluster sample of 2353 children (aged 12 years) attending 21 secondary schools in Sydney, Australia was examined in 2004 to 2005 (response 75.3%). Cover testing was performed at near (30 cm) and distance (6 m); cycloplegic autorefraction, visual acuity, and ste...
Purpose. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of astigmatism and poor visual acuity and rate of eyeglass wear in grade school children who are members of a Native American tribe reported to have a high prevalence of large amounts of astigmatism. Methods. Vision screening was conducted on 1,327 first through eighth grade children attending school on the Tohono O’odham Reservation. Noncycloplegic autorefraction was conducted on the right and left eye of each child using the Niko...
Background: The purpose of this study is to elucidate the prevalence of strabismus and amblyopia in a large population of Japanese elementary school children, from Grade 1 to Grade 6, ages ranging from 6 to 12 years. The School Health Law requires that all pupils in Grade 1 to Grade 6 be examined for vision and eye problems. Visual acuity testing is done by school teachers and eye disease screening by school ophthalmologists. Pupils with suspected ocular diseases are further examined by extramur...
Objective. A prospective study of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) of 505 infants who weighed <1701 g at birth was undertaken in the mid-1980s. This cohort was traced at 10 to 12 years of age to determine how low birth weight alone and ROP might influence their ophthalmic outcome. Methods. Outcome measures were 1) visual functions (visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, stereoacuity, perimetry, and color vision), 2) presence of strabismus, and 3), measurements of eye size and the dimensions of its...
The aim of this thesis was to assess the vision screening system and ocular status in Sweden of today, yesterday and tomorrow and to compare the prevalence of ocular disease before and after screening and treatment with special focus on amblyopia.Screening has been defmed by the United States Commission of Chronic Illness (1957) as "the presumptive identification of unrecognized disease or defect by the application oftests, examinations or other procedures, which can be rapidly applied. Screenin...
Abstract null null Background and Objective null Amblyopia is a public health problem, and strabismus is its primary cause. Our objective is to evaluate the concordance of the diagnosis of strabismus between strabismus expert ophthalmologist and the mhealth application developed for this purpose. null null null Methods null We evaluated the concordance of the diagnosis of strabismus between the expert ophthalmologist and the mhealth application by screening two hundred twenty-four children and a...
Abstract Background Postural control requires the interaction of somatosensory, vestibular and visual systems to prevent disequilibrium. Children with strabismus have an impaired visual input which can lead to postural control deficits. Research question Does strabismus affect sensory organization for postural control in children? Methods A systematic comprehensive search of multiple electronic databases using a predetermined search strategy was performed. Peer-reviewed journal publications that...
To assess visual acuity in 5-year-old children with LEA chart and to estimate the frequency of reduced visual acuity in this age. Study aimed at children attending the last year of preschool education in Public Kindergartens and Private Social Solidarity Institutions (IPSS) under the influence Regional Health Administration of the Medio Tejo, in Portugal. The 15-line LEA charts at 3 m were used and the presentation visual acuity was measured monocularly starting with the right eye. The ETDRS-fas...
Last. Alex W. Hewitt(UTAS: University of Tasmania)H-Index: 66
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Importance Educating parents to recognize signs of eye disease and consult a healthcare professional is critical to timely diagnosis, intervention and outcomes. Background We evaluate the effectiveness of an eye-health information pamphlet on parents' level of concern and help-seeking intention should they hypothetically observe leukocoria or strabismus in their child. Design Double-blind, randomized controlled trial conducted at a metropolitan antenatal outpatient clinic. Participants In total,...
ObjectiveTo assess the strabismus prevalence and associated factors among children aged ≤15 years.MethodsThis hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2017 to October 2017 in t...
Background Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC), an allergic disease, has a known association with ectatic disorders of the cornea. Pellucid marginal degeneration (PMD) is a bilateral, asymmetrical, ectatic disorder of the cornea characterized by inferior corneal thinning. We report a case of sensory exotropia due to PMD in association with VKC. Case details A 19-year old boy with a history of VKC presented with exotropia of the right eye of 3 years' duration. His unaided vision in his right eye wa...
Last. Mehdi Khabazkhoob(Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services)H-Index: 29
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ABSTRACTPurpose: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of tropia, phoria, and their types in Islamic Azad University students in Shahrekord, Iran.Methods: Of 826 students that were i...
Last. Myrna Lichter(U of T: University of Toronto)H-Index: 4
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Abstract Objective To assess the prevalence of visual impairment and unmet eye care needs of the Syrian adult refugee population in Canada. Design Cross-sectional descriptive study. Participants Enrolment was offered to all Syrian refugees 18 years or older, with 248 patients enrolled. Methods Five clinics were organized from July 2016 to November 2017 in Toronto, Ontario. A vision screening and dilated retinal examination was performed on all participants. Prevalence of visual impairment and no...
Background and Objectives: Early diagnosis and intervention is essential to achieve optimal outcomes for most pediatric eye diseases. Educating parents/caregivers to recognize early signs of disease and consult a healthcare professional is critical to achieving this aim. We evaluate the effectiveness of an eye-health information pamphlet on parents level of concern and their help-seeking intention if they observed leukocoria or strabismus. Methods: Pregnant women attending a metropolitan antenat...
Last. Khaled Radad(King Khalid University)H-Index: 15
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ABSTRACTStrabismus is an ocular disorder characterized by partial or complete inability to keep eye alignment. It represents a very common ocular problem at ophthalmology clinics worldwide. The cur...