Internal medicine

Pathology

Placebo

Depression (economics)

Major depressive episode

Crossover study

Psychiatry

Macroeconomics

Cognition

Psychology

Economics

Randomized controlled trial

Alternative medicine

Bipolar disorder

Treatment-resistant depression

Hippocampus

Lithium (medication)

Antidepressant

Ketamine

Anesthesia

Confidence interval

Medicine

Biological Psychiatry

Currently, no pharmacological treatments for bipolar depression exist that exert rapid (within hours) antidepressant or antisuicidal effects. We previously reported that intravenous administration of the N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist ketamine produced rapid antidepressant effects in patients with treatment-resistant bipolar depression. The present study sought to replicate this finding in an independent sample.

Replication of Ketamine's Antidepressant Efficacy in Bipolar Depression: A Randomized Controlled Add-On Trial