Linguistics

Cognitive psychology

Philosophy

Communication

Social psychology

Face (sociological concept)

Deception

Expression (computer science)

Darwin (ADL)

Computer science

Physics

Psychology

Optics

Focus (optics)

Software engineering

Programming language

Facial expression

Emotional expression

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

Darwin did not focus on deception. Only a few sentences in his book mentioned the issue. One of them raised the very interesting question of whether it is difficult to voluntarily inhibit the emotional expressions that are most difficult to voluntarily fabricate. Another suggestion was that it would be possible to unmask a fabricated expression by the absence of the difficult-to-voluntarily-generate facial actions. Still another was that during emotion body movements could be more easily suppressed than facial expression. Research relevant to each of Darwin's suggestions is reviewed, as is other research on deception that Darwin did not foresee.

Darwin, Deception, and Facial Expression